Performance of Wanggu Watershed Management Based on Land Indicators

Kahirun, Nurnaningsih Hamzah, Arwan A. Rahman, Wa Ode Yusria, Nurhayati Hajar, Erich Nov Putra

Abstract

Based on the study, it was found that the land in the Wanggu Watershed is highly dynamic due to community activities such as agriculture, plantations, forestry, and settlement development. This can affect the performance and carrying capacity of the land in the watershed. The purpose of study was to evaluate the performance of watershed management and analyze the land-carrying capacity based on indicators of land. The parameters analyzed were the percentage of critical land area, the percentage of vegetation cover, and the erosion index. To obtain the data needed for the study, both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was obtained through the overlay of the base map to obtain a map of critical land, making land cover maps, and calculating erosion prediction and carrying capacity analysis of the Wanggu Watershed. Secondary data was obtained from related agencies in the form of critical land data, land cover data, literature, policy documents, and study reports that are relevant to watershed management performance. The results of the study showed that the percentage of critical and somewhat critical land area in the Wanggu Watershed is 16.07 percent, which means that this value still qualifies as high category critical land recovery. The percentage of vegetation cover, especially forest cover, is 27.10 percent, which is still in bad condition. The average erosion index value is 2.00, which is high. Based on these three parameters of land condition indicators in the Wanggu Watershed, the performance of watershed management has a poor land carrying capacity category with a value of 50. Overall, the study highlights the need for better management and conservation of the land in the Wanggu Watershed to improve its performance and carrying capacity.

References

Abdul-Rahim, A. S., C. Sun, and A. Noraida (2018). The Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on Agricultural Economic Growth and Rural Poverty Reduction in China. Sustainability, 10(12); 4444

Adusumilli, N. and H. Wang (2018). Analysis of Soil Management and Water Conservation Practices Adoption among Crop and Pasture Farmers in Humid-South of the United States. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 6(2); 79–86

Aktab, B. A., F. Susanti, and S. A. P. Lestari (2021). The Level of Critical Land in West Lombok Using Geographic Information Systems. Proceedings of the 2nd Borobudur International Symposium on Science and Technology (BISSTE 2020); 311–31

Alwi, L., S. Marwah, et al. (2021). Spatial analysis of floodprone areas and harvest failures in the Wanggu Southeast Sulawesi Watershed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 681(1); 012029

Arsyad, S. (2010). Soil and Water Conservation in Institut Pertanian Bogor. Publisher IPB Press

Barchia, M. F., K. Amri, and R. Apriantoni (2018). Land Degradation and Option of Practical Conservation Concepts in Manna Watershed Bengkulu Indonesia. TERRA: Journal of Land Restoration, 1(2); 23–30

Bhan, S. and U. Behera (2014). Conservation Agriculture in India–Problems, Prospects and Policy Issues. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 2(4); 1–12

Budiastuti, M. T. S., D. Purnomo, H. Hendro, U. Sudjianto, and B. Gunawan (2020). Rehabilitation of Critical Land by Implementing Complex Agroforestry at the Prioritized Subwatersheds in the Muria Region. SAINS TANAH Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 17(1); 63–70

Caldwell, P. V., K. L. Martin, J. M. Vose, J. S. Baker, T. W. Warziniack, J. K. Costanza, G. E. Frey, A. Nehra, and C. M. Mihiar (2023). Forested Watersheds Provide the Highest Water Quality among All Land Cover Types, but the Benefit of This Ecosystem Service Depends on Landscape Context. Science of The Total Environment, 882; 163550

Candra, D. S. (2011). Analysis of Critical Land in the Musi Watershed Using Geographic Information Systems. International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES), 8(1); 13–18

Chen, Q., K. Mei, R. A. Dahlgren, T. Wang, J. Gong, and M. Zhang (2016). Impacts of Land Use and Population Density on Seasonal Surface Water Quality Using a Modified Geographically Weighted Regression. Science of the Total Environment, 572; 450–466

Cheng, C., F. Zhang, J. Shi, and H.-T. Kung (2022). What Is the Relationship between Land Use and Surface Water Quality? A Review and Prospects from Remote Sensing Perspective. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(38); 56887–56907

da Silva, I. A., F. A. Dupas, C. W. Costa, G. d. O. R. Medeiros, and A. R. de Souza (2021). Spatiotemporal Changes in Land Cover Land Use in Protected Areas of Serra Da Mantiqueira, Southeastern Brazil. Environmental Challenges, 4; 100195

Dang, A. N. and A. Kawasaki (2017). Integrating Biophysical and Socio-Economic Factors for Land-Use and Land-Cover Change Projection in Agricultural Economic Regions. Ecological Modelling, 344; 29–37

Deby, R., V. Dermawan, and D. Sisinggih (2019). Analysis of Wanggu River Flood Inundation Kendari City Southeast Sulawesi Province Using HEC RAS 5.0. 6. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science, 4(2); 270–275

Ding, B., Y. Zhang, X. Yu, G. Jia, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, P. Zheng, and Z. Li (2022). Effects of Forest Cover Type and Ratio Changes on Runoff and Its Components. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 10(3); 445–456

Eraku, S., R. Lahay, and N. Akase (2019). Spatial Distribution of Areas Vulnerable to Land Movements by Using Storie Method in Watershed Area of Limboto, Gorontalo Province. International Conference on Education, Science and Technology; 22–30

Erwanto, Z., A. Holik, D. D. Pranowo, and S. N. Afifa (2021). Identification of Land Criticism for Land Conservation Actions in The Badeng Watershed with Regulation of Watershed and Protection Forest Management. International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (iCAST) 2021 ; 484–491

Ginting, F., H. Suryatmojo, et al. (2022). Location Determination of Critical Land Indicative as Basis for Forest and Land Rehabilitation in Merawu Watershed, Banjarnegara District. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 985(1); 012036

Guo, H., Q. Hu, and T. Jiang (2008). Annual and Seasonal Streamflow Responses to Climate and Land-Cover Changes in the Poyang Lake Basin, China. Journal of Hydrology, 355(1-4); 106–122

Hammer, W. (1981). Second Soil Conservation Consultant Report. Journal of Centre For Soil Research. AGOVINS/78/006.-Tech. Note, (7)

Hikmat, R. and M. Marselina (2021). Application of Watershed Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Index (Case Study: Cimahi Sub-Watershed). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 940(1); 012030

Hou, Y., Y. Chen, Z. Li, and Y. Wang (2023). Changes in Land Use Pattern and Structure under the Rapid Urbanization of the Tarim River Basin. Land, 12(3); 693

Hui, C. (2015). Carrying Capacity of the Environment. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition, 10; 155–160

Irwansah, A. (2021). Analysis of Critical Land Using Forest Canopy Density Method in the Agropolitan Development Area of Lamongan Regency. JURNAL GEOGRAFI Geografi dan Pengajarannya, 19(2); 19–26

Kahirun, L. M. H. Kilowasid, L. Sabaruddin, and Mukhtar (2020). The Sustainability Status of Lahumoko Watershed Management, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 23(2); 8–18

Kalfas, D., S. Kalogiannidis, F. Chatzitheodoridis, and E. Toska (2023). Urbanization and Land Use Planning for Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Case Study of Greece. Urban Science, 7(2); 43

Koralay, N. and O. Kara (2018). Effects of Soil Erosion on ¨ Water Quality and Aquatic Ecosystem in a Watershed. 1st International Congress on Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, 1(11); 1–15

Kouassi, J.-L., A. Gyau, L. Diby, Y. Bene, and C. Kouam´e (2021). Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South West Cˆote D’ivoire, West Africa. Land, 10(4); 429

Kusratmoko, E. and S. Dayanti (2017). The Critical Land in Komering Watershed As a Result of Land Use Changes from 2000-2016 Period. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 54(1); 012020

Latue, P. C. and H. Rakuasa (2023). Spatial Dynamics of Land Cover Change in Wae Batu GantungWatershed, Ambon City, Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific Multidisciplinary Research, 1(3); 117–130

Li, G., L. Wan, M. Cui, B. Wu, and J. Zhou (2019). Influence of Canopy Interception and Rainfall Kinetic Energy on Soil Erosion under Forests. Forests, 10(6); 509

L´opez-Vicente, M. and G.-L. Wu (2019). Soil and Water Conservation in Agricultural and Forestry Systems. Water, 11(9); 1937

Ma, B., X. Yu, F. Ma, Z. Li, and F. Wu (2014). Effects of Crop Canopies on Rain Splash Detachment. PLoS One, 9(7); 99717

MacDonald, L. H. and D. Coe (2007). Influence of Headwater Streams on Downstream Reaches in Forested Areas. Forest Science, 53(2); 148–168

Marwah, S. and L. Alwi (2014). Analysis of the impact of land use change on tidal Flood in Kendari City. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 4(7); 103–114

McConkey, B., D. Lobb, S. Li, J. Black, and P. Krug (2010). Soil Erosion on Cropland: Introduction and Trends for Canada. Canadian Biodiversity: Ecosystem Status and Trends; 22

Mey, D., A. Iskandar, J. Sartohadi, D. Mardiatno, M. A. Marfai, M. Tufaila, et al. (2020). Analysis of Critical Land Based on the Erosion and Soil Organic Carbon in the Watershed of Girindulu East Java Province, Indonesia. 5th International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2019), 194(8); 41–46

Mu˜noz, D. R., D. B. Villas, M. T. E. Arnedo, M. A. G. Negrell, N. L.-R. Monreal, J. Le´on, M. E. N. Romero, G. Pardini, and M. P. S. Muela (2017). Analysing the Effect of Land Use and Vegetation Cover on Soil Infiltration in Three Contrasting Environments in Northeast Spain. Cuadernos de investigaci´on geogr´afica: Geographical Research Letters, (43); 141–169

Mwanake, H., B. Mehdi-Schulz, K. Schulz, N. Kitaka, L. O. Olang, J. Lederer, and M. Herrnegger (2023). Agricultural Practices and Soil and Water Conservation in the Transboundary Region of Kenya and Uganda: Farmers’ Perspectives of Current Soil Erosion. Agriculture, 13(7); 1434

Narendra, B., C. Siregar, I. Dharmawan, I. B. T. N. H. S. A. P. S. O. Sukmana, A Pratiwi; Pramono, R. Nandini, N. A. Ulya, and . Y. T. W. Arifanti, V. B. (2021). A Review on Sustainability of Watershed Management in Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(19); 11125

Nasir Ahmad, N. S. B., F. B. Mustafa, and S. Y. Muhammad Yusoff (2023). Spatial Prediction of Soil Erosion Risk Using Knowledge-Driven Method in Malaysia’s Steepland Agriculture Forested Valley. Environment, Development and Sustainability; 1–27

Novara, A., A. Pisciotta, M. Minacapilli, A. Maltese, F. Capodici, A. Cerd`a, and L. Gristina (2018). The Impact of Soil Erosion on Soil Fertility and Vine Vigor. A Multidisciplinary Approach Based on Field, Laboratory and Remote Sensing Approaches. Science of The Total Environment, 622; 474–480

Noywuli, N., A. Sapei, N. H. Pandjaitan, and E. Eriyatno (2019). Assessment of Watershed Carrying Capacity for the Aesesa Flores Watershed Management, East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 17(3); 29–39

Nugroho, S. and W. Hadi (2021). The Influence of Soil Conditioning on Soil Infiltration Rate in Urban Facilities. Geosfera Indonesia, 6(2); 222–240

Nuralamsyah, E. and M. Marselina (2023). Evaluation of the Success of the Watershed Rehabilitation Project in Bombana Regency Based on Cook Method’s Runoff Coefficient. Jurnal Presipitasi: Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan, 20(2); 305–315

Nurhayati, S., M. Marselina, and A. Sabar (2021). The Effect of Land-Use Change on River Watershed Quality (case Study: Cimahi Watershed, West Java, Indonesia). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 933(1); 012010

Ophiyandri, T., B. Istijono, T. H. A. Putra, A. Aprisal, and B. Hidayat (2021). Changes in Land Cover to Reduce Erosion and Peak Discharge of Sub-Watershed of Danau Limau Manis. E3S Web of Conferences, 331; 03009

Paudel, A. and A. B. P. K. Yadav (2021). Soil Conservation Practices in Forest of Nepal. Journal Clean WAS (JCleanWAS), 5(2); 73–77

Prashanth, M., A. Kumar, S. Dhar, O. Verma, S. K. Rai, and B. Kouser (2023). Land Use/land Cover Change and Its Implication on Soil Erosion in an Ecologically Sensitive Himachal Himalayan Watershed, Northern India. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6; 1124677

Putri, R. F., L. S. Budiman, N. U. Fauziyanti, and N. M. Adalya (2019). Trend Analysis of Land Cover Changes, Population and Settlement Distribution to Land use Assessment in Kebumen Regency. Jurnal Geografi: Media Informasi Pengembangan dan Profesi Kegeografian, 16(1); 25–31

Qazi, N. Q., L. A. Bruijnzeel, S. P. Rai, and C. P. Ghimire (2017). Impact of Forest Degradation on Streamflow Regime and Runoff Response to Rainfall in the Garhwal Himalaya, Northwest India. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 62(7); 1114–1130

Restele, L. O., F. Saleh, L. Iradat, J. Karim, and N. H. Khairisa (2022). Evaluation of Land Resilience against Natural Disasters Using Ecosystem Services Approach in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi: Kajian, Teori, dan Praktek dalam Bidang Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi, 27(2); 188–198

Riviana, J., A. Rauf, et al. (2020). Spatial Analysis of Critical Land in Sub-Watershed of Lawe Pakam, Mardingding District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 452(1); 012092

Rudiarto, I., I. Rahmawati, and A. W. Sejati (2020). Land Degradation and Community Resilience in Rural Mountain Area of Java, Indonesia. Gully Erosion Studies from India and Surrounding Regions; 449–460

Setiawan, Y. and K. Yoshino (2020). Spatial Modeling on Land Use Change in Regional Scale of
Java Island Based-On Biophysical Characteristics. Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 10(3); 511–523

Setyowati, D. L., S. A. Wilaksono, A. Aji, and M. Amin (2021). Assessment of Watershed Carrying Capacity and Land Use Change on Flood Vulnerability Areas in Semarang City. Forum Geografi, 35(2); 141–152

Shah, N. W., B. R. Baillie, K. Bishop, S. Ferraz, L. H¨ogbom, and J. Nettles (2022). The Effects of Forest Management on Water Quality. Forest Ecology and Management, 522; 120397

Shumba, T., A. De Vos, R. Biggs, K. J. Esler, and H. S. Clements (2021). The Influence of Biophysical and Socio-Economic Factors on the Effectiveness of Private Land Conservation Areas in Preventing Natural Land Cover Loss across South Africa. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28(5); 01670

Sriyana, I. (2018). Evaluation of watershed carrying capacity for watershed management (a case study on Bodri watershed, Central Java, Indonesia). MATEC Web of Conferences, 195; 05003

Sriyana, I. (2019). Developed Watershed Classification Index Determining Management Priority Level Based on Watershed Carrying Capacity. MATEC Web of Conferences, 270; 04004

Sudia, K. Kahirun, S. C. R. Kete, L. Ode, and M. Erif (2023). Watershed Management Performance Assessment Based on Land Condition Indicators (Laeya Watershed Case, Southeast Sulawesi Province. ASTONJADRO, 12(2); 583–590

Sugianto, S., A. Deli, E. Miswar, M. Rusdi, and M. Irham (2022). The Effect of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Flood Occurrence in Teunom Watershed, Aceh Jaya. Land, 11(8); 1271

Supangat, A. and N. Wahyuningrum (2021). Evaluation on Biophysical Carrying Capacity to Support Land Rehabilitation Planning in the Upstream Watershed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 914(1); 012030

Tarigan, S., K. Wiegand, B. Slamet, et al. (2018). Minimum Forest Cover Required for Sustainable Water Flow Regulation of a Watershed: A Case Study in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 22(1); 581–594

Tuladhar, D., A. Dewan, M. Kuhn, and R. J. Corner (2019). The Influence of Rainfall and Land Use/land Cover Changes on River Discharge Variability in the Mountainous Catchment of the Bagmati River. Water, 11(12); 2444

Wang, Y., X. Liu, J. Li, Y. Wang, J. Bai, and Z. Zhou (2022). Quantifying the Spatial Flow of Soil Conservation Service to Optimize Land-Use Pattern under Ecological Protection Scenarios. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10; 957520

Wynants, M., A. Patrick, L. Munishi, K. Mtei, S. Bod´e, A. Taylor, G. Millward, N. Roberts, D. Gilvear, and P. Ndakidemi (2021). Soil Erosion and Sediment Transport in Tanzania: Part II Sedimentological Evidence of Phased Land Degradation. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 46(15); 3112–3126

Authors

Kahirun
irkahirun@gmail.com (Primary Contact)
Nurnaningsih Hamzah
Arwan A. Rahman
Wa Ode Yusria
Nurhayati Hajar
Erich Nov Putra
Kahirun, Hamzah, N., Rahman, A. A. ., Yusria, W. O. ., Hajar, N. ., & Putra, E. N. . (2023). Performance of Wanggu Watershed Management Based on Land Indicators. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 7(3), 116-127. https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2023.7.3.116-127
Copyright and license info is not available

Article Details