Feasibility of Local Commodities on Peatlands
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Keywords:
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Economy Feasibility, Local Commodity, Peatland, Restorations
Abstract
Indonesian peat ecosystem, generally managed for protection and cultivation functions, contributes to providing economic benefits to the local community through agricultural practices. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of local commodity agriculture (coffee, areca, coconut, and pineapple) on peatland from social, ecological, and economic perspectives using descriptive and quantitative approaches in Mendahara-Batanghari, Jambi. Data was collected from interviews of 60 farmers in two villages with three types of farms, including monoculture and polyculture of commodities. The results of this study showed that socially, farmers still have difficulty with access and infrastructures. Coconut, areca, and coffee are popular among the smallholders because of land suitability, low maintenance, and high selling price. From an ecological perspective, intercropping on polyculture farms is able to store more carbon with a high density of biomass than on monoculture farms. Generally, the carbon emissions of local commodity farms are lower than other types of plantations, such as oil palm and rubber plantations. Lastly, from an economic perspective, local commodity farming in the study area is feasible based on analyses of net present value, benefit cost ratio, and internal rate of return. Polyculture farms provide higher benefits compared to monoculture land. The income is considered sufficient for standard living needs, and there is potential to increase the revenue by developing and optimising processing product industries.
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Yanarita, Afentina, Sosilawaty, C. Birawa, and S. Monika (2020). Analisis Sosial dan Ekonomi Agroforestri Berbasis Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu): Alternatif Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan Gambut. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 8(3); 306–314 (in Indonesia)
Yunianti, I. F., I. Aprianthina, R. Kartikawati, and E. Yulianingsih (2021). Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan Cadangan Karbon pada Perkebunan Kopi Organik dan Konvensional di Kabupaten Badung, Bali. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, 8(1); 1–10 (in Indonesia)
Adhi, Y. A., S. Anwar, S. D. Tarigan, and B. Sahari (2020). Relationship between Groundwater Level and Water Content in Oil Palm Plantation on Drained Peatland in Siak, Riau Province, Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 43(3); 1–14
Andesmora, E. V. (2021). Potensi Budidaya Tanaman Pinang (Areca catechu L.) di Lahan Gambut: Studi Kasus di Khg Mendahara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tirtayasa, 3(1); 1–9 (in Indonesia)
Badan Pusat Statistika(2019). Kecamatan Mendahara dalam Angka 2019. Technical Report (in Indonesia)
Badan Pusat Statistika (2020). Kebutuhan Hidup Minimum/Layak (Khm/Khl) Selama Sebulan (Rupiah) Menurut Provinsi (Rupiah). Technical Report (in Indonesia)
Badan Restorasi Gambut (2020). Peta Kesatuan Hidrologis Gambut Mendahara-Batanghari. Technical Report (in Indonesia)
Bagio, B., Y. Abubakar, A. Anhar, and A. Baihaqi (2021). Identifkasi Komoditas Pertanian untuk Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat pada Lahan Gambut di Desa Cot Mee Kecamatan Tadu Raya Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Jurnal Pengabdian Agro and Marine Industry, 1(1); 24–29
(in Indonesia)
Bhagya, H. and H. Maheswarappa (2017). Carbon Sequestration Potential in Coconut Based Cropping Systems. Horticulture Society of India, 74(1); 1–5
Budiman, I., E. N. Sari, E. E. Hadi, H. Siahaan, R. Januar, R. D. Hapsari (2020). Progress of Paludiculture Projects in Supporting Peatland Ecosystem Restoration in Indonesia. Global Ecology and Conservation, 23; e01084
Corpuz, O. S. and E. L. Abas (2014). Potential Carbon Storage of Rubber Plantations. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 2(2); 73
Gunawan, H. and D. Afriyanti (2019). Potensi Perhutanan Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Restorasi Gambut. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 13(2); 227– 236 (in Indonesia)
Hansson, A. and P. Dargusch (2018). An Estimate of The Financial Cost of Peatland Restoration in Indonesia. Case Studies in The Environment, 2(1); 1–8
Hergoualc’h, K. A. and L. V. Verchot (2012). Changes in Soil CH4 Fluxes from The Conversion of Tropical Peat Swamp Forests: a Meta Analysis. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 9(2); 93–101
Hirano, T., K. Kusin, S. Limin, and M. Osaki (2014). Carbon Dioxide Emissions Through Oxidative Peat Decomposition on a Burnt Tropical Peatland. Global Change Biology,
20(2); 555–565
Hooijer, A., S. Page, J. Canadell, M. Silvius, J. Kwadijk, H. W¨osten, and J. Jauhiainen (2010). Current and Future CO2 Emissions from Drained Peatlands in Southeast Asia. Biogeosciences, 7(5); 1505–1514
Kho, L. K. and M. R. Jepsen (2015). Carbon Stock of Oil Palm Plantations and Tropical Forests in Malaysia: a Review. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 36(2); 249–266
Krisnawati, H. (2014). Estimation of Forest Biomass for Quantifying CO2 Emissions in Central Kalimantan: a Comprehensive Approach in Determining Forest Carbon Emission Factors. Research and Development Center for Conservation and Rehabilitation
Landry, J. and L. Rochefort (2012). The Drainage of Peatlands: Impacts and Rewetting Techniques. Technical Report
Medrilzam, M., P. Dargusch, J. Herbohn, and C. Smith (2014). The Socio Ecological Drivers of Forest Degradation in Part of The Tropical Peatlands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forestry, 87(2); 335–345
Noor, M. (2001). Pertanian Lahan Gambut, Potensi dan Kendala. Yogyakarta: Kanisius (in Indonesia)
Novita, E., M. N. Huda, and H. A. Pradana (2021). Analisis Potensi Simpanan Karbon Agroforestri Perkebunan Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) di Pegunungan Argopuro, Kabupaten Bondowoso. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(2); 165–175 (in Indonesia)
Saidi, B. B. and E. Suryani (2021). Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Pengembangan Kopi Liberika di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur Jambi. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 5(1); 1–15 (in Indonesia)
Situmorang, M. E., D. Astiani, and W. Ekyastuti (2019). Pengaruh Tinggi Muka Air Tanah pada Populasi Seranggam di Lahan Rawa Gambut Desa Kuala Dua Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Jurnal Hutan Lesari, 7(1); 1–8 (in Indonesia)
Sumarga, E. (2017). Spatial Indicators for Human Activities May Explain The 2015 Fire Hotspot Distribution in Central Kalimantan Indonesia. Tropical Conservation Science, 10; 1–9
Tata, H. L. and A. Susmianto (2019). Prospek Paludikultur Ekosistem Gambut Indonesia. Bogor: Froda Press (in Indonesia)
Uda, S. K., L. Hein, and A. Adventa (2020). Towards Better Use of Indonesian Peatlands with Paludiculture and Low-Drainage Food Crops. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 28(3); 509–526
Van Noordwijk, M., S. Rahayu, K. Hairiah, Y. Wulan, A. Farida, and B. Verbist (2002). Carbon Stock Assessment for a Forest to Coffee Conversion Landscape in Sumber Jaya (Lampung, Indonesia): from Allometric Equations to Land Use Change Analysis. Science in China Series C Life Sciences-English Edition, 45; 75–86
Wakhid, N. and S. Nurzakiah (2021). Soil CO2 Emissions from a Rubber Plantation on Tropical Peat During a Strong El Ni˜no Year. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 648(1); 012098
Watanabe, A., B. H. Purwanto, H. Ando, K. I. Kakuda, and F. S. Jong (2009). Methane and CO2 Fluxes from an Indonesian Peatland Used for Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu rottb.) Cultivation: Effects of Fertilizer and Groundwater Level Management. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 134(1-2); 14–18
Yanarita, Afentina, Sosilawaty, C. Birawa, and S. Monika (2020). Analisis Sosial dan Ekonomi Agroforestri Berbasis Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu): Alternatif Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan Gambut. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 8(3); 306–314 (in Indonesia)
Yunianti, I. F., I. Aprianthina, R. Kartikawati, and E. Yulianingsih (2021). Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan Cadangan Karbon pada Perkebunan Kopi Organik dan Konvensional di Kabupaten Badung, Bali. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, 8(1); 1–10 (in Indonesia)
Authors
Salmayenti, R., Sugihartono, M. ., Sumarga, E. ., Nur, F. ., & Sandra, A. A. . (2022). Feasibility of Local Commodities on Peatlands. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 6(2), 67-75. https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2022.6.2.67-75
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